S.M.A.R.T. Test lifetime

[mortimer7]

Ciao, ho raccatato un vecchio hard disk e facendo il test S.M.A.R.T. mi dice che ha 18622 ore di utilizzo (circa 2 anni).
È un dato affidabile? Mi pare strano che sia stato usato così poco visto che ha avrà 10 anni.

Questo è il log smart:

$ sudo smartctl -a /dev/sdb
smartctl 7.2 2020-12-30 r5155 [x86_64-linux-5.10.73-1-lts] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-20, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org

=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family:     Seagate Barracuda 7200.10
Device Model:     ST3250620AS
Serial Number:    CENSURED
Firmware Version: 3.AAD
User Capacity:    250.059.350.016 bytes [250 GB]
Sector Size:      512 bytes logical/physical
Device is:        In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is:   ATA/ATAPI-7 (minor revision not indicated)
Local Time is:    Thu Nov 25 11:12:19 2021 CET
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled

=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
See vendor-specific Attribute list for marginal Attributes.

General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status:  (0x82)	Offline data collection activity
					was completed without error.
					Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
Self-test execution status:      (   0)	The previous self-test routine completed
					without error or no self-test has ever 
					been run.
Total time to complete Offline 
data collection: 		(  430) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: 			 (0x5b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
					Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
					Suspend Offline collection upon new
					command.
					Offline surface scan supported.
					Self-test supported.
					No Conveyance Self-test supported.
					Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities:            (0x0003)	Saves SMART data before entering
					power-saving mode.
					Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability:        (0x01)	Error logging supported.
					General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine 
recommended polling time: 	 (   1) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: 	 (  92) minutes.

SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 10
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME          FLAG     VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE      UPDATED  WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
  1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate     0x000f   117   088   006    Pre-fail  Always       -       165929700
  3 Spin_Up_Time            0x0003   095   095   000    Pre-fail  Always       -       0
  4 Start_Stop_Count        0x0032   097   097   020    Old_age   Always       -       3842
  5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct   0x0033   100   100   036    Pre-fail  Always       -       0
  7 Seek_Error_Rate         0x000f   065   060   030    Pre-fail  Always       -       773578043236
  9 Power_On_Hours          0x0032   079   079   000    Old_age   Always       -       18622
 10 Spin_Retry_Count        0x0013   100   100   097    Pre-fail  Always       -       0
 12 Power_Cycle_Count       0x0032   096   096   020    Old_age   Always       -       4166
187 Reported_Uncorrect      0x0032   086   086   000    Old_age   Always       -       14
189 High_Fly_Writes         0x003a   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0022   064   044   045    Old_age   Always   In_the_past 36 (Min/Max 23/39)
194 Temperature_Celsius     0x0022   036   056   000    Old_age   Always       -       36 (0 12 0 0 0)
195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered  0x001a   059   051   000    Old_age   Always       -       172792457
197 Current_Pending_Sector  0x0012   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable   0x0010   100   100   000    Old_age   Offline      -       0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count    0x003e   200   200   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate   0x0000   100   253   000    Old_age   Offline      -       0
202 Data_Address_Mark_Errs  0x0032   100   253   000    Old_age   Always       -       0

SMART Error Log Version: 1
ATA Error Count: 14 (device log contains only the most recent five errors)
	CR = Command Register [HEX]
	FR = Features Register [HEX]
	SC = Sector Count Register [HEX]
	SN = Sector Number Register [HEX]
	CL = Cylinder Low Register [HEX]
	CH = Cylinder High Register [HEX]
	DH = Device/Head Register [HEX]
	DC = Device Command Register [HEX]
	ER = Error register [HEX]
	ST = Status register [HEX]
Powered_Up_Time is measured from power on, and printed as
DDd+hh:mm:SS.sss where DD=days, hh=hours, mm=minutes,
SS=sec, and sss=millisec. It "wraps" after 49.710 days.

Error 14 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 18552 hours (773 days + 0 hours)
  When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.

  After command completion occurred, registers were:
  ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
  -- -- -- -- -- -- --
  40 51 00 58 0d fe e0  Error: UNC at LBA = 0x00fe0d58 = 16649560

  Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
  CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC   Powered_Up_Time  Command/Feature_Name
  -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --  ----------------  --------------------
  25 00 01 58 0d fe e0 00      01:10:41.410  READ DMA EXT
  25 00 01 57 0d fe e0 00      01:10:41.410  READ DMA EXT
  25 00 01 56 0d fe e0 00      01:10:41.410  READ DMA EXT
  25 00 01 55 0d fe e0 00      01:10:41.410  READ DMA EXT
  25 00 01 54 0d fe e0 00      01:10:41.410  READ DMA EXT

Error 13 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 18552 hours (773 days + 0 hours)
  When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.

  After command completion occurred, registers were:
  ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
  -- -- -- -- -- -- --
  40 51 00 58 0d fe e0  Error: UNC at LBA = 0x00fe0d58 = 16649560

  Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
  CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC   Powered_Up_Time  Command/Feature_Name
  -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --  ----------------  --------------------
  25 00 c0 20 0d fe e0 00      01:10:38.822  READ DMA EXT
  25 00 b6 80 84 d5 e0 00      01:10:38.821  READ DMA EXT
  25 00 00 80 83 d5 e0 00      01:10:38.815  READ DMA EXT
  35 00 16 30 08 d8 e0 00      01:10:38.812  WRITE DMA EXT
  35 00 00 30 07 d8 e0 00      01:10:38.811  WRITE DMA EXT

Error 12 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 10703 hours (445 days + 23 hours)
  When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.

  After command completion occurred, registers were:
  ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
  -- -- -- -- -- -- --
  40 51 00 f6 1a 9e e0  Error: UNC at LBA = 0x009e1af6 = 10361590

  Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
  CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC   Powered_Up_Time  Command/Feature_Name
  -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --  ----------------  --------------------
  25 00 28 ef 1a 9e e0 00      00:02:51.767  READ DMA EXT
  35 00 08 47 00 5e e0 00      00:02:51.767  WRITE DMA EXT
  25 00 30 e7 1a 9e e0 00      00:02:51.767  READ DMA EXT
  35 00 10 97 a0 61 e0 00      00:02:51.743  WRITE DMA EXT
  35 00 20 57 f1 5f e0 00      00:02:57.700  WRITE DMA EXT

Error 11 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 10703 hours (445 days + 23 hours)
  When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.

  After command completion occurred, registers were:
  ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
  -- -- -- -- -- -- --
  40 51 00 f6 1a 9e e0  Error: UNC at LBA = 0x009e1af6 = 10361590

  Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
  CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC   Powered_Up_Time  Command/Feature_Name
  -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --  ----------------  --------------------
  25 00 30 e7 1a 9e e0 00      00:02:51.767  READ DMA EXT
  35 00 10 97 a0 61 e0 00      00:02:51.767  WRITE DMA EXT
  35 00 20 57 f1 5f e0 00      00:02:51.767  WRITE DMA EXT
  25 00 01 00 00 00 e0 00      00:02:51.743  READ DMA EXT
  25 00 40 c1 e2 91 e0 00      00:02:51.726  READ DMA EXT

Error 10 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 10703 hours (445 days + 23 hours)
  When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.

  After command completion occurred, registers were:
  ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
  -- -- -- -- -- -- --
  40 51 00 f6 1a 9e e0  Error: UNC at LBA = 0x009e1af6 = 10361590

  Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
  CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC   Powered_Up_Time  Command/Feature_Name
  -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --  ----------------  --------------------
  25 00 38 df 1a 9e e0 00      00:02:51.767  READ DMA EXT
  35 00 08 47 9b 61 e0 00      00:02:51.767  WRITE DMA EXT
  25 00 10 01 d2 8e e0 00      00:02:51.767  READ DMA EXT
  35 00 08 3f 3e 8e e0 00      00:02:51.743  WRITE DMA EXT
  25 00 40 d7 1a 9e e0 00      00:02:51.726  READ DMA EXT

SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num  Test_Description    Status                  Remaining  LifeTime(hours)  LBA_of_first_error
# 1  Extended offline    Completed without error       00%     18622         -
# 2  Short offline       Completed without error       00%     18605         -
# 3  Short offline       Completed without error       00%     18604         -

SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
 SPAN  MIN_LBA  MAX_LBA  CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
    1        0        0  Not_testing
    2        0        0  Not_testing
    3        0        0  Not_testing
    4        0        0  Not_testing
    5        0        0  Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
  After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay

[piwi]

Se il PC è stato usato poche ore al giorno, si. Non so poi come vengano considerati i tempi di eventuali stand-by.

[mortimer7]

Ma ho visto che nel log c'è un errore che dice che in realtà ha 10000 ore di utilizzo e non 18000:

Error 10 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 10703 hours (445 days + 23 hours)
  When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.

Che vuol dire?

[Nicodemo Timoteo Taddeo]

Originariamente inviato da mortimer7

Ma ho visto che nel log c'è un errore che dice che in realtà ha 10000 ore di utilizzo e non 18000:

Error 10 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 10703 hours (445 days + 23 hours)
  When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.

Che vuol dire?

No ti sta dicendo che quell'errore è avvenuto dopo 10703 ore di funzionamento. Se guardi viene detto che ci sono stati 14 errori in totale e ne vengono indicati gli ultimi cinque, ognuno con la propria ora in cui è avvenuto. Non potendo registrare giorno/ora/minuto perché l'hard disk non li conosce, nel log registrano gli eventi indicando le ore funzionamento trascorse. Non sono proprio un esperto ma gli errori " UNC at LBA" non dovrebbero essere particolarmente gravi per l'integrità del disco. Qualche info la trorvi al link sottostante:

"How to interpret smartctl messages like ‘Error: UNC at LBA’?"
https://techoverflow.net/2016/07/25/...or-unc-at-lba/

Tornando al discorso iniziale, tieni presente che solitamente gli hard dsk collegati a personal computer non sono continuamente in fuznione 24/24, e anche durante il funzionamento del computer possono essere spenti dal sistema operativo Windows, secondo le impostazioni di default nelle opzioni di risparmio energetico. In altre parole 19000 ora di funzionamento possono essere giuste per un HD collegato a dun PC anche per dieci anni e più.

Infine per quanto riguarda l'aspetto affidabilità, il disco a giudicare i parametri SMART mostrati da smartctl sembra in ordine, nulla di anomalo da segnalare, a parte forse un po' troppi errori di posizionamento delle testine "Seek Error Rate ". Comunque il valore attuale è tranquillamente dentro la soglia tollerabile.

irei che puoi usarlo con fiducia, ma sai bene penso che anche fosse un disco nuovo di zecca, la fiducia comprende anche un backup da un'altra parte dei propri file.


ps. volendo puoi effettuare anche qualche test specifico sempre con smartctl:
https://www.thomas-krenn.com/en/wiki..._with_smartctl

Oppure usare gnome-disks che oltre ad essere un programma di partizionamento ha un modulo per visualizzare i parametri SMART ed effettuare dei test:
https://i.imgur.com/4Fzoreh.png

[mortimer7]

Ora ho capito, grazie.
È un hard disk di un pc trovato accanto a un cassonetto della spazzatura quindi non conosco il suo passato.

Ho fatto il test perché è molto rumoroso, soprattutto durante l'avvio di Windows.

[Nicodemo Timoteo Taddeo]

OK, allora se hai Windows, installa Seatools e fai un test generico completo. Se restano dubbi puoi fare anche il test avanzato. La guida in italiano:

https://www.seagate.com/files/www-co...dows-it-it.pdf

Il disco è meglio se lo colleghi direttamente alla scheda madre, non tramite USB. Il programma Seatools è questo:

https://www.seagate.com/files/www-co...-installer.exe